[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"ingredient-spirulina-extract":3,"glossary-list::en":160,"concern-facets":1172},{"id":4,"slug":5,"inci_name":6,"category":7,"also_known_as":8,"function":12,"safety_grade":15,"comedogenic_rating":16,"pregnancy_safe":17,"skin_types":18,"concerns_for":23,"concerns_against":26,"max_safe_pct":27,"effective_pct":27,"pubmed_ids":28,"conflicting_ingredient_ids":29,"synergistic_ingredient_ids":30,"related_ingredient_ids":33,"origin":37,"vegan":38,"cruelty_free":38,"schema_markup":39,"translations":76,"approved_at":138,"published_at":139,"indexed_at":139,"created_at":140,"updated_at":139,"products":141,"conflicts":142,"synergies":143,"related":150},301,"spirulina-extract","Spirulina Platensis Extract","antioxidant",[9,10,11],"Arthrospira Platensis","Blue-Green Algae","Phycocyanin",[7,13,14],"soothing","conditioning",1,0,"yes",[19,20,21,22],"normal","combo","dry","sensitive",[24,25],"dullness","redness",[],null,[],[],[31,32],59,65,[34,35,36],25,11,26,"natural",true,{"@graph":40,"@context":75},[41,50],{"@type":42,"author":43,"headline":46,"publisher":47,"mainEntity":48},"MedicalWebPage",{"name":44,"@type":45},"Revelika","Organization","Spirulina Extract",{"name":44,"@type":45},{"name":46,"@type":49,"activeIngredient":6},"MedicalSubstance",{"@type":51,"mainEntity":52},"FAQPage",[53,59,63,67,71],{"name":54,"@type":55,"acceptedAnswer":56},"Does spirulina do anything for skin?","Question",{"text":57,"@type":58},"Phycocyanin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in laboratory work. Topically it is a reasonable supporting antioxidant, not a targeted active.","Answer",{"name":60,"@type":55,"acceptedAnswer":61},"Does the spirulina supplement research apply?",{"text":62,"@type":58},"No. That literature is oral — lipids, blood pressure, allergic rhinitis — and none of it transfers to an extract applied to skin.",{"name":64,"@type":55,"acceptedAnswer":65},"Why is there so little spirulina in products?",{"text":66,"@type":58},"Phycocyanin is intensely blue-green. A formula either uses a small amount, a decolourised fraction, or commits to being visibly coloured.",{"name":68,"@type":55,"acceptedAnswer":69},"Is spirulina safe in skincare?",{"text":70,"@type":58},"Yes, and it is well tolerated. Beyond general botanical allergy there is no specific group that needs to avoid it.",{"name":72,"@type":55,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What are microcystins?",{"text":74,"@type":58},"Toxins that can contaminate spirulina harvested from open water. It is a supplier-quality issue, and a reason cosmetic-grade sourcing is not interchangeable with food-grade.","https:\u002F\u002Fschema.org",{"en":77,"ru":90,"tr":114},{"faq":78,"tldr":84,"title":46,"content":88,"meta_description":89},[79,80,81,82,83],{"a":57,"q":54},{"a":62,"q":60},{"a":66,"q":64},{"a":70,"q":68},{"a":74,"q":72},{"does":85,"for_whom":86,"red_flags":87},"A cyanobacteria extract carrying phycocyanin, amino acids and minerals, used as a supporting antioxidant.","Dull or reactive skin wanting a gentle botanical antioxidant layer.","Almost all the health literature is oral, and the deep blue-green colour limits how much can be used.","\u003Ch2>How it works\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Spirulina is a cyanobacterium rather than a plant or a true algae, and the extract carries a mixture: phycocyanin — the blue pigment-protein that gives it its colour — along with amino acids, carotenoids, B vitamins and minerals. Phycocyanin is the component with the most interesting activity, showing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in laboratory work, including inhibition of COX-2.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>On skin the practical contribution is that of a supporting antioxidant with some soothing action, plus the humectant behaviour of the amino acid fraction. It is not a targeted active and no single mechanism is being relied on.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>The evidence\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>The literature on spirulina is substantial and overwhelmingly oral — supplementation studies on lipids, blood pressure, allergic rhinitis. None of that transfers to an extract in a serum, and the size of that body of work is routinely used to imply topical evidence that does not exist.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Topically there are small studies and in vitro results supporting antioxidant activity and some anti-ageing claims. That is enough to justify including it in an antioxidant blend and not enough to make it the reason to buy a product.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Suitability\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>All skin types; particularly unobjectionable for sensitive skin\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Best as part of an antioxidant mix rather than as a standalone step\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>No specific group needs to avoid it beyond general botanical allergy\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2>Concentration\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Low, and the colour is why. Phycocyanin is intensely blue-green, so a formula either uses a small amount, uses a decolourised fraction, or commits to being a coloured product. A pale cream claiming spirulina is telling you the amount is small.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Conflicts & combinations\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>No conflicts. Two practical notes: phycocyanin is heat- and light-sensitive, so the same packaging logic that applies to vitamin C applies here; and spirulina material can be contaminated with microcystins if harvested from open water, which is a supplier-quality issue rather than an ingredient one, and one reason cosmetic-grade sourcing is not interchangeable with food-grade.\u003C\u002Fp>","Spirulina extract: what phycocyanin does, why the supplement research does not transfer, and the colour problem.",{"faq":91,"tldr":107,"title":111,"content":112,"meta_description":113},[92,95,98,101,104],{"a":93,"q":94},"У фикоцианина есть антиоксидантная и противовоспалительная активность в лабораторных работах. Наружно это разумный вспомогательный антиоксидант, а не прицельный актив.","Даёт ли спирулина что-то коже?",{"a":96,"q":97},"Нет. Та литература касается приёма внутрь — липиды, давление, аллергический ринит — и не относится к экстракту на коже.","Переносятся ли исследования добавок?",{"a":99,"q":100},"Фикоцианин интенсивно сине-зелёный. Состав либо берёт немного, либо использует обесцвеченную фракцию, либо становится явно цветным.","Почему в средствах так мало спирулины?",{"a":102,"q":103},"Да, переносится хорошо. Кроме общей аллергии на растительные компоненты, отдельных групп для отказа нет.","Безопасна ли спирулина в косметике?",{"a":105,"q":106},"Токсины, которыми может быть загрязнена спирулина из открытых водоёмов. Это вопрос качества поставщика и причина, почему косметическое сырьё не равно пищевому.","Что такое микроцистины?",{"does":108,"for_whom":109,"red_flags":110},"Экстракт цианобактерии с фикоцианином, аминокислотами и минералами; используется как вспомогательный антиоксидант.","Тусклой или реактивной коже, которой нужен мягкий растительный антиоксидантный слой.","Почти вся литература о пользе относится к приёму внутрь, а насыщенный сине-зелёный цвет ограничивает количество.","Экстракт спирулины","\u003Ch2>Как это работает\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Спирулина — цианобактерия, а не растение и не настоящая водоросль, и экстракт содержит смесь: фикоцианин — синий пигмент-белок, дающий ей цвет, — а также аминокислоты, каротиноиды, витамины группы B и минералы. Самую интересную активность демонстрирует именно фикоцианин: в лабораторных работах он показывает антиоксидантное и противовоспалительное действие, включая подавление ЦОГ-2.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>На коже практический вклад — это вспомогательный антиоксидант с некоторым успокаивающим действием плюс увлажняющее поведение аминокислотной фракции. Это не прицельный актив, и ставка не делается на один механизм.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Доказательства\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Литература по спирулине обширна и в подавляющем большинстве касается приёма внутрь: исследования добавок по липидам, давлению, аллергическому риниту. Ничто из этого не переносится на экстракт в сыворотке, а объём этих работ регулярно используют, чтобы подразумевать наружную доказательность, которой нет.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Наружно есть небольшие исследования и результаты in vitro, подтверждающие антиоксидантную активность и часть антивозрастных заявлений. Этого достаточно, чтобы оправдать включение в антиоксидантную смесь, и недостаточно, чтобы делать его причиной покупки.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Кому подходит\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Всем типам кожи; особенно безобиден для чувствительной\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Лучше в составе антиоксидантной смеси, чем отдельным шагом\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Отдельных групп, которым нужно его избегать, нет — кроме общей аллергии на растительные компоненты\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2>Концентрация\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Низкая, и причина — цвет. Фикоцианин интенсивно сине-зелёный, поэтому состав либо берёт малое количество, либо использует обесцвеченную фракцию, либо соглашается быть цветным средством. Бледный крем, заявляющий спирулину, сообщает вам, что её мало.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Сочетания и конфликты\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Конфликтов нет. Два практических замечания: фикоцианин чувствителен к теплу и свету, поэтому здесь работает та же логика упаковки, что и для витамина C; и сырьё спирулины может содержать микроцистины, если собрано в открытых водоёмах, — это вопрос качества поставщика, а не самого компонента, и одна из причин, почему косметическое сырьё не взаимозаменяемо с пищевым.\u003C\u002Fp>","Экстракт спирулины: что делает фикоцианин, почему данные о добавках не переносятся и в чём проблема цвета.",{"faq":115,"tldr":131,"title":135,"content":136,"meta_description":137},[116,119,122,125,128],{"a":117,"q":118},"Fikosiyaninin laboratuvar çalışmalarında antioksidan ve anti-inflamatuar etkinliği vardır. Topikal olarak makul bir destekleyici antioksidandır, hedefli bir aktif değil.","Spirulina cilde bir şey yapar mı?",{"a":120,"q":121},"Hayır. O literatür ağızdandır — lipitler, kan basıncı, alerjik rinit — ve cilde sürülen bir ekstreye aktarılmaz.","Takviye araştırması geçerli mi?",{"a":123,"q":124},"Fikosiyanin yoğun mavi-yeşildir. Formül ya az kullanır, ya rengi alınmış fraksiyon kullanır, ya da görünür biçimde renkli olmayı kabul eder.","Ürünlerde neden bu kadar az spirulina var?",{"a":126,"q":127},"Evet, iyi tolere edilir. Genel bitkisel alerji dışında kaçınması gereken özel bir grup yoktur.","Bakımda güvenli mi?",{"a":129,"q":130},"Açık sularda hasat edilen spirulinayı kontamine edebilen toksinler. Tedarikçi kalitesi meselesidir ve kozmetik sınıfın gıda sınıfıyla değiştirilememesinin bir nedenidir.","Mikrosistin nedir?",{"does":132,"for_whom":133,"red_flags":134},"Fikosiyanin, amino asit ve mineral taşıyan siyanobakteri ekstresi; destekleyici antioksidan olarak kullanılır.","Yumuşak bir bitkisel antioksidan katmanı isteyen donuk ya da reaktif cilt.","Sağlık literatürünün neredeyse tamamı ağızdandır ve koyu mavi-yeşil renk kullanılabilecek miktarı sınırlar.","Spirulina Ekstresi","\u003Ch2>Nasıl çalışır\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Spirulina bir bitki ya da gerçek bir alg değil, bir siyanobakteridir ve ekstre bir karışım taşır: rengini veren mavi pigment-protein olan fikosiyanin ile amino asitler, karotenoidler, B vitaminleri ve mineraller. En ilginç etkinliği olan bileşen fikosiyanindir; laboratuvar çalışmalarında COX-2 baskılanması dahil antioksidan ve anti-inflamatuar etkiler gösterir.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Ciltteki pratik katkısı, bir miktar yatıştırıcı etkiyle birlikte destekleyici bir antioksidan ve amino asit fraksiyonunun nem tutucu davranışıdır. Hedefli bir aktif değildir ve tek bir mekanizmaya yaslanılmaz.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Kanıtlar\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Spirulina literatürü geniştir ve ezici çoğunlukla ağızdandır — lipitler, kan basıncı, alerjik rinit üzerine takviye çalışmaları. Bunların hiçbiri bir serumdaki ekstreye aktarılmaz ve bu külliyatın hacmi, var olmayan bir topikal kanıtı ima etmek için düzenli olarak kullanılır.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Topikal tarafta antioksidan etkinliği ve bazı yaşlanma karşıtı iddiaları destekleyen küçük çalışmalar ve in vitro sonuçlar vardır. Bu, onu bir antioksidan karışıma katmayı haklı çıkarmaya yeter; bir ürünü almanın nedeni yapmaya yetmez.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Kimlere uygun\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Tüm cilt tipleri; hassas cilt için özellikle sorunsuz\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Tek başına bir adım yerine antioksidan karışımın parçası olarak en iyisi\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Genel bitkisel alerji dışında kaçınması gereken özel bir grup yok\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2>Konsantrasyon\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Düşük ve nedeni renktir. Fikosiyanin yoğun mavi-yeşildir; formül ya az miktar kullanır, ya rengi alınmış bir fraksiyon kullanır, ya da renkli bir ürün olmayı kabul eder. Spirulina iddia eden soluk bir krem size miktarın az olduğunu söylüyordur.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Kombinasyonlar ve çakışmalar\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Çakışma yok. İki pratik not: fikosiyanin ısıya ve ışığa duyarlıdır, dolayısıyla C vitamini için geçerli ambalaj mantığı burada da geçerlidir; ve açık sularda hasat edilen spirulina hammaddesi mikrosistinlerle kontamine olabilir — bu, bileşenin değil tedarikçi kalitesinin meselesidir ve kozmetik sınıf tedarikin gıda sınıfıyla değiştirilemez olmasının bir nedenidir.\u003C\u002Fp>","Spirulina ekstresi: fikosiyanin ne yapar, takviye araştırması neden aktarılamaz ve renk sorunu nedir.","2026-08-18T00:00:00.000000Z","2026-08-19T03:00:02.000000Z","2026-08-19T00:40:22.000000Z",[],[],[144,147],{"slug":145,"title":146},"niacinamide","Niacinamide",{"slug":148,"title":149},"panthenol","Panthenol",[151,154,157],{"slug":152,"title":153},"egcg","EGCG (Green Tea)",{"slug":155,"title":156},"astaxanthin","Astaxanthin",{"slug":158,"title":159},"centella-asiatica","Centella Asiatica",[161,167,171,177,182,186,191,194,198,203,207,211,215,219,223,227,231,234,238,242,246,250,254,258,262,266,270,275,279,285,289,293,297,301,305,308,312,315,320,324,328,332,336,339,343,347,350,354,358,363,367,371,375,377,381,385,389,393,397,401,405,409,414,418,422,426,431,436,440,444,448,452,456,460,464,469,473,477,481,484,488,492,496,500,504,508,512,517,522,526,530,534,537,540,545,548,553,556,559,562,565,568,573,577,580,583,587,590,594,597,601,604,607,610,613,616,621,625,629,632,635,639,644,647,650,653,656,659,662,665,668,671,675,678,681,684,687,691,694,697,700,703,706,709,712,715,718,721,724,729,733,736,739,742,747,750,754,758,761,764,767,770,774,777,780,783,786,789,792,796,800,803,806,809,812,815,818,821,824,827,831,834,838,841,845,848,851,855,859,862,865,869,873,876,879,882,885,888,891,895,898,901,904,909,912,915,918,921,926,929,932,935,938,941,944,947,950,953,957,960,963,966,969,972,975,978,982,985,989,994,998,1001,1005,1009,1012,1015,1018,1022,1025,1028,1031,1034,1037,1040,1043,1047,1050,1053,1056,1059,1062,1065,1069,1072,1076,1080,1083,1086,1090,1093,1097,1100,1104,1107,1110,1113,1117,1120,1124,1128,1131,1134,1137,1141,1144,1148,1151,1155,1159,1162,1165,1169],{"slug":162,"category":163,"title":164,"meta_description":165,"updated_at":166},"111skin","formulation","111Skin","111Skin: the British luxury skincare brand founded by a London plastic surgeon, known for its sheet masks, antioxidant complex and premium price.","2026-08-05T14:31:43+00:00",{"slug":168,"category":163,"title":169,"meta_description":170,"updated_at":166},"3ce","3CE (3 Concept Eyes)","3CE (3 Concept Eyes): the Korean colour cosmetics brand from Stylenanda, known for velvet lip tints, mood palettes and editorial packaging.",{"slug":172,"category":173,"title":174,"meta_description":175,"updated_at":176},"500-dalton-rule","skin-science","500 Dalton Rule","The 500 Dalton rule: why molecules much above 500 daltons rarely cross intact skin, what it explains about collagen creams, and why it is a guide and not a law.","2026-09-03T03:00:03+00:00",{"slug":178,"category":179,"title":180,"meta_description":181,"updated_at":166},"7-skin-method","routine","7-skin method","The 7-skin method: patting several thin layers of a hydrating toner into the skin instead of one heavy layer, then sealing with moisturiser.",{"slug":183,"category":163,"title":184,"meta_description":185,"updated_at":166},"acetone-free-remover","Acetone-free remover","Acetone-free remover: nail polish remover built on milder solvents than acetone — slower to work, but usually less drying to nails and skin.",{"slug":187,"category":188,"title":189,"meta_description":190,"updated_at":166},"acetyl-hexapeptide-8","actives","Acetyl hexapeptide-8","Acetyl hexapeptide-8 (Argireline): a synthetic peptide used for the look of expression lines. Effects are subtle, gradual and cosmetic only.",{"slug":192,"category":173,"title":193,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":166},"acid-mantle","Acid Mantle",{"slug":195,"category":173,"title":196,"meta_description":197,"updated_at":166},"acidic-mantle-protection","Acid mantle protection","Acid mantle protection: keeping the skin's slightly acidic surface film intact with gentle low-pH cleansing and fewer active products at once.",{"slug":199,"category":200,"title":201,"meta_description":202,"updated_at":166},"acne","concerns","Acne","Acne: pores blocked by sebum and dead skin cells, often inflamed. Gentle care, one active at a time, and a dermatologist for severe cases.",{"slug":204,"category":163,"title":205,"meta_description":206,"updated_at":166},"acne-cream","Acne cream","Acne cream: an anti-acne active in a richer, emollient base that is gentler on dry or sensitive skin than a gel. Pair it with daily sunscreen.",{"slug":208,"category":163,"title":209,"meta_description":210,"updated_at":166},"acne-gel","Acne gel","Acne gel: a light, fast-absorbing base carrying an anti-acne active, suited to oily skin. Start slowly and always pair it with daily sunscreen.",{"slug":212,"category":163,"title":213,"meta_description":214,"updated_at":166},"acne-patch","Acne patch","Acne patch: a hydrocolloid sticker that absorbs fluid and stops picking. Useful on open whiteheads, but not a treatment for acne itself.",{"slug":216,"category":200,"title":217,"meta_description":218,"updated_at":166},"acne-scars","Acne scars","Acne scars: lasting texture change from dermal damage, unlike flat post-acne marks. Prevention and in-clinic options matter most here.",{"slug":220,"category":179,"title":221,"meta_description":222,"updated_at":166},"acne-skincare-routine","Acne skincare routine","Acne skincare routine: gentle cleansing, one active, a light moisturiser and daily sunscreen — introduced slowly and judged over several weeks.",{"slug":224,"category":200,"title":225,"meta_description":226,"updated_at":166},"actinic-keratosis","Actinic keratosis","Actinic keratosis: a rough, scaly patch from long-term sun exposure. A medical condition — have persistent lesions checked by a doctor.",{"slug":228,"category":163,"title":229,"meta_description":230,"updated_at":166},"activated-charcoal","Activated charcoal","Activated charcoal: a porous carbon in masks and cleansers that adsorbs surface oil. What it can realistically do for pores, and what it cannot.",{"slug":232,"category":179,"title":233,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":166},"actives-rotation","Actives Rotation",{"slug":235,"category":188,"title":236,"meta_description":237,"updated_at":166},"adapalene","Adapalene","Adapalene: a synthetic retinoid for acne that acts on how pores shed cells. How it is used, the adjustment period, and its key safety caveats.",{"slug":239,"category":188,"title":240,"meta_description":241,"updated_at":166},"adapalene-gel","Adapalene gel","Adapalene gel: the light, water-based form of the acne retinoid adapalene. How the vehicle differs from cream, how it is applied, and what to watch.",{"slug":243,"category":163,"title":244,"meta_description":245,"updated_at":166},"aesop","Aesop","Aesop: the Australian botanical skincare brand explained — its aromatic, essential-oil-led formulas and what that means for fragrance-sensitive skin.",{"slug":247,"category":163,"title":248,"meta_description":249,"updated_at":166},"aestura","Aestura","Aestura: the Korean dermocosmetic brand known for ceramide barrier moisturisers — how the formulas are built and where cosmetics stop and medicine starts.",{"slug":251,"category":179,"title":252,"meta_description":253,"updated_at":166},"after-sun-care","After-sun care","After-sun care: cooling, rehydrating and barrier support after UV exposure — what it can realistically do, what to pause, and when to see a doctor.",{"slug":255,"category":163,"title":256,"meta_description":257,"updated_at":166},"after-sun-gel","After-sun gel","After-sun gel: the light aloe-and-water texture used after sun exposure. What is in it, why gel alone is rarely enough, and when to avoid it.",{"slug":259,"category":163,"title":260,"meta_description":261,"updated_at":166},"aftershave-balm","Aftershave balm","Aftershave balm: a leave-on lotion for freshly shaved skin. How it differs from an alcohol splash, what is in it, and what to avoid after shaving.",{"slug":263,"category":200,"title":264,"meta_description":265,"updated_at":166},"age-spots","Age spots","Age spots (solar lentigines): flat dark patches left by years of UV exposure. How they form, which routine steps help their look, and when to see a doctor.",{"slug":267,"category":200,"title":268,"meta_description":269,"updated_at":166},"aging-skin","Aging skin","Aging skin: how intrinsic and sun-driven change affects firmness, texture and tone, which routine steps matter most, and the cautions to keep in mind.",{"slug":271,"category":163,"title":272,"meta_description":273,"updated_at":274},"airless-packaging","Airless Packaging","Airless packaging: how piston and pouch systems keep oxygen out, which ingredients actually need it, and when it is decoration rather than protection.","2026-08-31T03:00:03+00:00",{"slug":276,"category":163,"title":277,"meta_description":278,"updated_at":166},"alastin","Alastin","Alastin: a US clinic-distributed professional skincare brand. What physician-dispensed cosmeceutical ranges are, and how to read them without brand hype.",{"slug":280,"category":281,"title":282,"meta_description":283,"updated_at":284},"allergen-declaration","safety","Allergen declaration","Allergen declaration: why fragrance allergens like linalool or limonene are listed by name after parfum, what the rule means, and what it does not mean.","2026-08-13T03:15:01+00:00",{"slug":286,"category":281,"title":287,"meta_description":288,"updated_at":284},"allergen-free","Allergen-free","Allergen-free: an unregulated claim that means different things on different packs. What it usually excludes and why the INCI list is a better check.",{"slug":290,"category":163,"title":291,"meta_description":292,"updated_at":166},"aloe-barbadensis","Aloe Barbadensis","Aloe Barbadensis: the INCI root behind aloe leaf juice, extract and water. What each form means on a label and why raw plant sap is not the same thing.",{"slug":294,"category":179,"title":295,"meta_description":296,"updated_at":166},"aloe-vera-after-sun","Aloe vera after sun","Aloe vera after sun: aloe-based gels used to cool and soothe skin after sun exposure. A comfort step only, not a treatment for a sunburn.",{"slug":298,"category":200,"title":299,"meta_description":300,"updated_at":166},"alopecia","Alopecia","Alopecia: the medical umbrella term for hair loss, covering pattern loss, areata, telogen effluvium and traction. Diagnosis belongs with a doctor.",{"slug":302,"category":188,"title":303,"meta_description":304,"updated_at":166},"alpha-arbutin","Alpha arbutin","Alpha arbutin: a water-soluble ingredient that gradually evens the look of dark spots by acting on tyrosinase. Daily sunscreen is essential with it.",{"slug":306,"category":188,"title":307,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":166},"alpha-hydroxy-acids","Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs)",{"slug":309,"category":179,"title":310,"meta_description":311,"updated_at":166},"althea-korea","Althea Korea","Althea Korea: an online retailer shipping K-beauty products from Korea. Where you buy affects authenticity, freshness and which labelling rules apply.",{"slug":313,"category":179,"title":314,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":166},"am-routine","Morning Skincare Routine",{"slug":316,"category":179,"title":317,"meta_description":318,"updated_at":319},"amika","Amika","Amika: an American haircare brand covering shampoo, conditioner, styling and heat protection. Why haircare ingredients matter for scalp and skin.","2026-08-06T03:15:02+00:00",{"slug":321,"category":163,"title":322,"meta_description":323,"updated_at":166},"amino-acid-complex","Amino acid complex","Amino acid complex: a blend of amino acids used as humectants for hydration and conditioning. A marketing label — check the actual ingredient list.",{"slug":325,"category":173,"title":326,"meta_description":327,"updated_at":166},"amino-acids","Amino acids","Amino acids: protein building blocks and a key part of skin's natural moisturising factor, used topically as humectants and conditioning agents.",{"slug":329,"category":179,"title":330,"meta_description":331,"updated_at":319},"amorepacific","Amorepacific","Amorepacific: the South Korean beauty group behind brands like Sulwhasoo, Laneige and Innisfree, and a driver of K-beauty routines worldwide.",{"slug":333,"category":179,"title":334,"meta_description":335,"updated_at":319},"amorepacific-mall","Amorepacific Mall","Amorepacific Mall: the Korean beauty group’s official online store, and why buying through official channels makes batch codes and INCI easier to check.",{"slug":337,"category":163,"title":338,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":166},"ampoule","Ampoule",{"slug":340,"category":179,"title":341,"meta_description":342,"updated_at":319},"amuse","Amuse","Amuse: the South Korean makeup brand built around vegan formulation, what a vegan claim actually covers, and how it differs from cruelty-free.",{"slug":344,"category":179,"title":345,"meta_description":346,"updated_at":319},"anastasia-beverly-hills","Anastasia Beverly Hills","Anastasia Beverly Hills: the US brow-led makeup brand, where the brow-first technique comes from, and how to remove long-wear eye products gently.",{"slug":348,"category":163,"title":349,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":166},"anhydrous","Anhydrous",{"slug":351,"category":163,"title":352,"meta_description":353,"updated_at":166},"animal-derived-ingredients","Animal-Derived Ingredients","Animal-derived ingredients: lanolin, beeswax, carmine, silk and more — why the INCI name rarely reveals the source, and how vegan differs from cruelty-free.",{"slug":355,"category":188,"title":356,"meta_description":357,"updated_at":166},"anthocyanins","Anthocyanins","Anthocyanins: the flavonoid pigments behind berry and purple-plant colour, how they act as antioxidants in the lab, and why they are pH- and light-sensitive.",{"slug":359,"category":179,"title":360,"meta_description":361,"updated_at":362},"anti-aging-routine","Anti-Aging Routine","Anti-aging routine: sunscreen, barrier care, an antioxidant and a retinoid — how to build it slowly, and the caveats around irritation and pregnancy.","2026-08-07T03:15:02+00:00",{"slug":364,"category":163,"title":365,"meta_description":366,"updated_at":166},"anti-aging-serum","Anti-Aging Serum","Anti-aging serum: which ingredients actually recur on the label, where the step sits in a routine, and why layering several strong serums backfires.",{"slug":368,"category":163,"title":369,"meta_description":370,"updated_at":166},"anti-frizz-serum","Anti-Frizz Serum","Anti-frizz serum: why the hair cuticle causes frizz, how silicones and oils form a smoothing film, and how to apply it without weighing hair down.",{"slug":372,"category":179,"title":373,"meta_description":374,"updated_at":362},"anti-pollution-skincare","Anti-Pollution Skincare","Anti-pollution skincare: what the unregulated claim covers, why cleansing, antioxidants and sunscreen do the real work, and where to stay sceptical.",{"slug":7,"category":188,"title":376,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":166},"Antioxidant",{"slug":378,"category":163,"title":379,"meta_description":380,"updated_at":166},"antioxidant-complex","Antioxidant complex","Antioxidant complex: a blend of antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E and ferulic acid, formulated to broaden coverage and keep the formula stable.",{"slug":382,"category":163,"title":383,"meta_description":384,"updated_at":166},"antioxidant-serum","Antioxidant serum","Antioxidant serum: a lightweight leave-on step with vitamin C, vitamin E or niacinamide, usually worn in the morning under moisturiser and sunscreen.",{"slug":386,"category":179,"title":387,"meta_description":388,"updated_at":362},"anua","Anua","Anua: South Korean skincare brand known for heartleaf (Houttuynia cordata) toners, essences and cleansing oils aimed at oily, blemish-prone skin.",{"slug":390,"category":173,"title":391,"meta_description":392,"updated_at":166},"apocrine-glands","Apocrine glands","Apocrine glands: sweat glands in the underarms, groin and areolae that empty into hair follicles; their secretion gains odour once skin bacteria act on it.",{"slug":394,"category":179,"title":395,"meta_description":396,"updated_at":362},"aquaphor","Aquaphor","Aquaphor: a petrolatum-based ointment used as an occlusive layer over dry or chapped skin and as the final sealing step in slugging routines.",{"slug":398,"category":163,"title":399,"meta_description":400,"updated_at":166},"aquatic-fragrance","Aquatic fragrance","Aquatic fragrance: the marine, ozonic scent family built on molecules such as calone — a sensory choice in cosmetics, not a skincare benefit.",{"slug":402,"category":179,"title":403,"meta_description":404,"updated_at":362},"armani-beauty","Armani Beauty","Armani Beauty: the Giorgio Armani cosmetics, fragrance and skincare line produced under licence by L'Oréal Luxe, known for complexion makeup.",{"slug":406,"category":188,"title":407,"meta_description":408,"updated_at":166},"artemisia","Artemisia (mugwort)","Artemisia (mugwort): a botanical extract common in Korean soothing skincare; it belongs to the Asteraceae family, so patch test if you react to ragweed.",{"slug":410,"category":179,"title":411,"meta_description":412,"updated_at":413},"as-i-am","As I Am","As I Am: a US textured-hair and scalp care brand known for co-washing cleansing conditioners and moisture-focused curl products for coily hair.","2026-08-09T03:15:02+00:00",{"slug":415,"category":188,"title":416,"meta_description":417,"updated_at":166},"ascorbyl-palmitate","Ascorbyl palmitate","Ascorbyl palmitate: an oil-soluble vitamin C ester used mostly to protect oils in a formula; evidence for skin brightening is limited compared with others.",{"slug":419,"category":179,"title":420,"meta_description":421,"updated_at":413},"at-home-microdermabrasion","At-home microdermabrasion","At-home microdermabrasion: consumer devices that buff surface skin cells with an abrasive tip and light suction — gentler than the clinic version.",{"slug":423,"category":179,"title":424,"meta_description":425,"updated_at":413},"at-home-peel","At-home peel","At-home peel: a consumer acid exfoliating treatment with AHAs or BHAs, gentler than a professional peel. Space it out, patch test and wear daily SPF.",{"slug":427,"category":179,"title":428,"meta_description":429,"updated_at":430},"at-home-rf-device","At-home RF device","At-home RF device: a handheld radiofrequency tool that warms skin for firmness claims. Evidence is modest and there are real contraindications.","2026-08-10T03:15:01+00:00",{"slug":432,"category":200,"title":433,"meta_description":434,"updated_at":435},"atopic-dermatitis","Atopic dermatitis","Atopic dermatitis (eczema): a chronic inflammatory condition with a weakened barrier and itchy flares. Emollients support care; treatment needs a doctor.","2026-08-05T14:31:44+00:00",{"slug":437,"category":179,"title":438,"meta_description":439,"updated_at":430},"augustinus-bader","Augustinus Bader","Augustinus Bader: luxury skincare brand built around the trademarked TFC8 complex, best known for The Cream and The Rich Cream moisturisers.",{"slug":441,"category":179,"title":442,"meta_description":443,"updated_at":430},"aveda","Aveda","Aveda: US salon hair, scalp and body care brand owned by Estée Lauder, known for plant-derived ingredients and its aromatic essential-oil scents.",{"slug":445,"category":179,"title":446,"meta_description":447,"updated_at":430},"aveeno","Aveeno","Aveeno: US skin and hair care brand built on colloidal oatmeal, widely used in body care for dry, itchy and eczema-prone skin. Read each label.",{"slug":449,"category":179,"title":450,"meta_description":451,"updated_at":430},"avene","Avène","Avène: a French pharmacy skincare brand built on thermal spring water, with minimalist, often fragrance-free formulas aimed at sensitive, reactive skin.",{"slug":453,"category":163,"title":454,"meta_description":455,"updated_at":435},"avocado-oil","Avocado oil","Avocado oil (Persea gratissima oil): a rich, oleic-acid-heavy plant oil used as an emollient in creams, balms and hair masks for dry or rough skin.",{"slug":457,"category":281,"title":458,"meta_description":459,"updated_at":284},"b-corp-certified","B Corp Certified","B Corp Certified: a B Lab certification of a company's social and environmental performance — not a product safety, efficacy or cruelty-free claim.",{"slug":461,"category":173,"title":462,"meta_description":463,"updated_at":435},"baby-hairs","Baby hairs","Baby hairs: the short, fine strands along the hairline and nape — natural, often regrowth, and easily stressed by heavy gel and tight styles.",{"slug":465,"category":179,"title":466,"meta_description":467,"updated_at":468},"baby-skincare","Baby skincare","Baby skincare: infant skin is thinner and still developing, so keep it minimal — gentle cleansing, fragrance-free moisturiser and shade over sunscreen.","2026-08-11T03:15:01+00:00",{"slug":470,"category":200,"title":471,"meta_description":472,"updated_at":435},"bacne","Bacne","Bacne: acne on the back, shoulders and chest, driven by sebum, friction and sweat — helped by prompt showering and body washes with acne ingredients.",{"slug":474,"category":179,"title":475,"meta_description":476,"updated_at":468},"baking","Baking","Baking: pressing a thick layer of loose powder onto the face, letting it sit, then dusting it off for a matte, crease-resistant, long-wearing finish.",{"slug":478,"category":163,"title":479,"meta_description":480,"updated_at":435},"baking-powder","Baking powder (makeup)","Baking powder in makeup means finely milled loose setting powder for baking — not culinary baking powder, which is alkaline and not for use on skin.",{"slug":482,"category":163,"title":483,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"balm-cleanser","Cleansing Balm",{"slug":485,"category":179,"title":486,"meta_description":487,"updated_at":468},"banila-co","Banila Co","Banila Co: South Korean beauty brand known for the Clean It Zero cleansing balm, plus base makeup, sun care and everyday skincare formulas.",{"slug":489,"category":163,"title":490,"meta_description":491,"updated_at":435},"bar-soap","Bar soap","Bar soap: solid cleanser. Traditional saponified soap is alkaline, while syndet bars use milder surfactants at a pH closer to that of skin.",{"slug":493,"category":179,"title":494,"meta_description":495,"updated_at":468},"bare-faced-movement","Bare-faced movement","Bare-faced movement: the cultural trend towards little or no makeup, overlapping with skinimalism and the pushback against filtered skin images.",{"slug":497,"category":163,"title":498,"meta_description":499,"updated_at":435},"barrier-cream","Barrier cream","Barrier cream: a rich, occlusive moisturiser that shields skin from water, friction and detergents while slowing transepidermal water loss.",{"slug":501,"category":200,"title":502,"meta_description":503,"updated_at":435},"barrier-cream-for-eczema","Barrier cream for eczema","Barrier cream for eczema: thick, fragrance-free emollients used daily alongside prescribed treatment to protect eczema-prone skin from triggers.",{"slug":505,"category":179,"title":506,"meta_description":507,"updated_at":468},"barrier-first-routine","Barrier-first routine","Barrier-first routine: build a regimen around gentle cleansing, moisturiser and daily sunscreen, adding actives slowly once skin is comfortable.",{"slug":509,"category":173,"title":510,"meta_description":511,"updated_at":435},"barrier-impairment","Barrier impairment","Barrier impairment: when the skin's outer layer loses water more easily and lets irritants in, causing tightness, stinging, flaking and redness.",{"slug":513,"category":179,"title":514,"meta_description":515,"updated_at":516},"barrier-occlusive-therapy","Barrier occlusive therapy","Occlusive therapy: covering skin with an ointment or balm to slow water loss and support repair — the deliberate, clinical relative of slugging.","2026-08-12T03:15:01+00:00",{"slug":518,"category":179,"title":519,"meta_description":520,"updated_at":521},"barrier-repair","Barrier Repair","Barrier repair: what to stop, what to replace it with, and how long recovery actually takes before actives can come back.","2026-08-22T03:00:02+00:00",{"slug":523,"category":163,"title":524,"meta_description":525,"updated_at":435},"barrier-repair-complex","Barrier repair complex","Barrier repair complex: the ceramide, cholesterol and fatty acid blend in a formula meant to replenish skin's own barrier lipids and hold water in.",{"slug":527,"category":163,"title":528,"meta_description":529,"updated_at":435},"barrier-repair-cream","Barrier repair cream","Barrier repair cream: a moisturiser combining humectants, ceramides and occlusives to help restore a stressed skin barrier and slow water loss.",{"slug":531,"category":163,"title":532,"meta_description":533,"updated_at":435},"barrier-repair-cream-k-beauty","K-beauty barrier repair cream","K-beauty barrier repair cream: lighter gel-cream textures with ceramides plus centella, panthenol or heartleaf, worn at the end of a layered routine.",{"slug":535,"category":179,"title":536,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"barrier-repair-routine","Barrier Repair Routine",{"slug":538,"category":188,"title":539,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"beta-hydroxy-acid","Beta Hydroxy Acid (BHA)",{"slug":541,"category":200,"title":542,"meta_description":543,"updated_at":544},"blackhead","Blackhead","Blackhead: an open comedone that oxidised dark, not trapped dirt — how to tell one from a sebaceous filament, and what actually clears it.","2026-08-20T03:00:03+00:00",{"slug":546,"category":200,"title":547,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"blackheads","Blackheads (Open Comedones)",{"slug":549,"category":173,"title":550,"meta_description":551,"updated_at":552},"blue-light-and-skin","Blue light and skin","Blue light and skin: what visible light really does to pigmentation, why screens are not the problem, and when a tinted sunscreen is the answer.","2026-08-18T03:00:02+00:00",{"slug":554,"category":163,"title":555,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"body-lotion","Body Lotion",{"slug":557,"category":188,"title":558,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"brightening-agent","Brightening Agent",{"slug":560,"category":281,"title":561,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"broad-spectrum","Broad-Spectrum (Sunscreen)",{"slug":563,"category":179,"title":564,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":516},"buffering","Buffering",{"slug":566,"category":173,"title":567,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"cell-turnover","Cell Turnover",{"slug":569,"category":163,"title":570,"meta_description":571,"updated_at":572},"ceramide-ratio","Ceramide Ratio","Ceramide ratio: the barrier needs cholesterol and fatty acids too, and an incomplete lipid mix can slow repair rather than speed it.","2026-08-19T03:00:02+00:00",{"slug":574,"category":163,"title":575,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":576},"chelating-agent","Chelating Agent","2026-08-08T03:15:01+00:00",{"slug":578,"category":188,"title":579,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"chemical-exfoliant","Chemical Exfoliant",{"slug":581,"category":281,"title":582,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"chemical-sunscreen","Chemical (Organic) Sunscreen",{"slug":584,"category":173,"title":585,"meta_description":586,"updated_at":176},"chromophore","Chromophore","Chromophore: the light-absorbing part of a molecule, the few that set skin's colour, and why a red mark and a brown one are two different problems.",{"slug":588,"category":163,"title":589,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"clay-mask","Clay Mask",{"slug":591,"category":281,"title":592,"meta_description":593,"updated_at":552},"clean-beauty","Clean beauty","Clean beauty: an unregulated marketing term, what free-from labels really tell you, and why removing an ingredient is not the same as making it safer.",{"slug":595,"category":163,"title":596,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"cleansing-oil","Cleansing Oil",{"slug":598,"category":179,"title":599,"meta_description":600,"updated_at":521},"collagen-banking","Collagen Banking","Collagen banking: the biology is sound, the balance-sheet metaphor is marketing — and the honest version is short, cheap and mostly sunscreen.",{"slug":602,"category":173,"title":603,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"collagen-synthesis","Collagen Synthesis",{"slug":605,"category":200,"title":606,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"combination-skin","Combination Skin",{"slug":608,"category":173,"title":609,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"comedogenicity","Comedogenicity",{"slug":611,"category":200,"title":612,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"comedone","Comedone",{"slug":614,"category":200,"title":615,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":413},"contact-dermatitis","Contact Dermatitis",{"slug":617,"category":163,"title":618,"meta_description":619,"updated_at":620},"contract-manufacturer","Contract Manufacturer","Contract manufacturing: who actually makes cosmetics, why two brands can be the same product, and what changes when a brand changes factory.","2026-09-01T03:00:02+00:00",{"slug":622,"category":173,"title":623,"meta_description":624,"updated_at":176},"corneocyte","Corneocyte","Corneocyte: how a keratinocyte becomes the brick of the stratum corneum, what holds its water, and why flaking follows a dry, alkaline surface.",{"slug":626,"category":173,"title":627,"meta_description":628,"updated_at":176},"corneodesmosome","Corneodesmosome","Corneodesmosomes: the protein rivets between surface skin cells, the enzymes that cut them, and why dry or alkaline skin sheds in visible flakes instead of singly.",{"slug":630,"category":281,"title":631,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":284},"cosmeceutical","Cosmeceutical",{"slug":633,"category":163,"title":634,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"cream-cleanser","Cream Cleanser",{"slug":636,"category":200,"title":637,"meta_description":638,"updated_at":544},"crepey-skin","Crepey Skin","Crepey skin: cumulative UV damage and thinning dermis, not just dryness — what topicals can soften and where they stop.",{"slug":640,"category":281,"title":641,"meta_description":642,"updated_at":643},"cumulative-irritation","Cumulative Irritation","Cumulative irritation: why the product that finally stings is rarely the culprit, how it differs from allergy, and why a patch test misses it.","2026-08-24T03:00:03+00:00",{"slug":645,"category":200,"title":646,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"cystic-acne","Cystic Acne",{"slug":648,"category":200,"title":649,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"dark-circles","Dark Under-Eye Circles",{"slug":651,"category":200,"title":652,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"dehydrated-skin","Dehydrated Skin",{"slug":654,"category":188,"title":655,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"depigmenting-agent","Depigmenting Agent",{"slug":657,"category":281,"title":658,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":284},"dermatologist-tested","Dermatologist Tested",{"slug":660,"category":173,"title":661,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"dermis","Dermis",{"slug":663,"category":173,"title":664,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"desquamation","Desquamation (Skin Shedding)",{"slug":666,"category":179,"title":667,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"double-cleansing","Double Cleansing",{"slug":669,"category":179,"title":670,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":516},"dry-down","Dry-Down",{"slug":672,"category":163,"title":673,"meta_description":674,"updated_at":620},"dupe","Dupe","Dupes: what comparing two ingredient lists can prove, what a list never says about a formula, and the one claim a cheaper copy cannot inherit.",{"slug":676,"category":173,"title":677,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"elastin","Elastin",{"slug":679,"category":163,"title":680,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"emollient","Emollient",{"slug":682,"category":163,"title":683,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"emulsifier","Emulsifier",{"slug":685,"category":163,"title":686,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"emulsion","Emulsion (Skincare)",{"slug":688,"category":163,"title":689,"meta_description":690,"updated_at":274},"encapsulation","Encapsulation","Encapsulation: liposomes, cyclodextrins and polymer shells, what they genuinely fix, and the questions brands leave unanswered when they name one.",{"slug":692,"category":188,"title":693,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"enzyme-exfoliant","Enzyme Exfoliant",{"slug":695,"category":173,"title":696,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"epidermis","Epidermis",{"slug":698,"category":163,"title":699,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"essence","Essence",{"slug":701,"category":163,"title":702,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"essential-oil","Essential oil",{"slug":704,"category":163,"title":705,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"exfoliating-toner","Exfoliating Toner",{"slug":707,"category":179,"title":708,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"exfoliation","Exfoliation",{"slug":710,"category":163,"title":711,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"eye-cream","Eye Cream",{"slug":713,"category":163,"title":714,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"face-mist","Face Mist",{"slug":716,"category":163,"title":717,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"facial-oil","Facial Oil",{"slug":719,"category":188,"title":720,"meta_description":27,"updated_at":435},"fermented-skincare","Fermented Skincare 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